Ethical Issues Raised By Bp - 1237 Words

Introduction Despite decades of efforts to seek for alternative energy sources, fossil oil is still the single most important energy source for human being. However, oil industry brings about many ethical issues such as safety and environmental impact. In this ethics report, we will study one of the world’s leading international oil company – BP, who operates in nearly 80 countries . We will particularly discuss ethical issues raised by BP in oil industry in the United States (US) between 2002 and 2006. The three ethical issues which are going to be discussed are (1) safety issue in workplace depicted by the Texas City explosion in 2005, (2) honesty and fair dealing depicted by both Texas City explosion and Prudhoe Bay A-22 explosion in†¦show more content†¦2. Fluid level indicator in the splitter tower was not calibrated. The indicator showed that the flammable fluid in the splitter tower was at 8.4 feet and the level was still dropping, while in the actual situation the f luid continued to rise to 130 feet . 3. Undersized blowdown drum (a unit to collect overflowed fluid) could not accommodate the overflowing fluid. Eventually, the flammable gasoline spilled to the ground. An ignition source nearby caused the explosion. 4. Undermanned crew as many experienced workers were fired led to only a junior control board operator running three separate units on the accident day . All these three root causes can be attributed to the unscrupulous cost reduction where safety of the employees had been severely compromised. This is clearly an ethical issue. In a press release by US Chemical Safety Board (CSB), it is stated that CSB concluded â€Å"organizational and safety deficiencies at all levels of the BP Corporation had caused the Texas City explosion . Despite repeatedly warning about the risk, BP chose to ignore it and put profit in higher priority than safety . The Texas City explosion could have been avoided with proper maintenance program and sufficient manpower. Honesty and Fair Dealing – Texas City Explosion 2005 Prudhoe Bay A-22 Explosion 2002 After the Texas City explosion, BP fired six employees and put the blames on them. It was argued that the explosion wouldn’t have happened if the six employees did

Similarities and Differences between Reggio Emilia and...

There are many different curriculums that are used in early childhood classrooms. Two curriculums that are used are High Scope and Reggio Emilia. Both of these curriculums have unique aspects that make up their curriculums. In addition, High Scope and Reggio Emilia have similarities and differences. In Ypsilanti, Michigan Dr. David P. Weikard created High Scope in 1970. High Scope does research in a variety of areas. However, they are best known for their research in preschool education and their preschool curriculum approach. High Scope preschool curriculum is used throughout the world and has had an impact on Head Start programs (Morrison, 1976, p. 15). High Scope promotes the developmental domains in their Key Developmental†¦show more content†¦The High Scope curriculum incorporates diversity in its approach. High Scope incorporates diversity through developmentally appropriate approaches, which allow the children to progress at their own rate through the use of learning centers. According to Morrison, High Scope does not focus on the child’s deficits, but instead focuses on social, cognitive, and physical abilities, which are important for every child especially ones with special needs. Teachers in the High Scope approach will identify the developmental level of a special needs child. Then the teachers will provide different experiences that are appropriate for a normal child at their developmental age. For example, if a special needs child is four years old but is developmentally at a two year old level then, the child would use gestures and point with the fingers to express their plans. The teacher would th en immerse the child in activities that provide opportunities to hearing and using language (Morrison, 1976, p. 19-20). High Scope shows multi-cultural respect in their classroom by incorporating materials and experiences that reflect the diversity in the children. In addition, the teachers will help each diverse family to find community services that would be helpful to the family’s individual needs (The High/Scope Preschool Educational Approach: A Prospectus for Pre-Kindergarten Programs, n.d.). InShow MoreRelated Teaching2569 Words   |  11 Pagesâ€Å"positive relationships†. Bruce (2008) resonates with the National strategies (2009) notion that positive relationships are extremely important within the EYFS, High Scope and Reggio Emilia in order to help children reach their full potential. Allen and Whalley (2009) adopt Bruce’s (2008) notion that positive relationships should be built between the children, families and other practitioners in order to create a successful and stimulating environment. It is important for practitioners to talk appropriatelyRead Moredone Unit 064 Context and Principles fo4917 Words   |  20 Pagessome differences in between the way the government of every nation deals with early learning education, there are also some common features: * Partnership and involvement with parents; * Learning through active play; * Need for children to have opportunities for child-initiated and adult-directed activities; * Education programme is to be delivered holistically although divided into areas of learning; * Importance of assessing children’s individual needs. As another difference in between

Menards E-Business Plan - 3782 Words

Fundamentals of e-Business Menards e-Business Plan Company Description Menards is a chain of home improvement stores in the Midwestern United States. Menards sells building materials, hardware, electrical, wall coverings, plumbing, housewares, floor coverings, cabinets, appliances and much more. Menards is a privately held franchise headquartered in Eau Claire, Wisconsin; the company has 252 stores in 12 states: Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota and Wyoming. While the company does not release sales figures, it is believed to be the third largest home center chain in the United States behind The Home Depot and Lowes. The trade publication Home Channel News†¦show more content†¦The two most common reasons customers ask for assistance are for help locating a product or for additional information about a product. If these encounters are negative they will no doubt have an adverse impact on company image and bottom line. (www.jdpower.com) Opportunities that Menards have are they have been revamping its old stores to better compete with its rivals. The company is increasing its average store size to more than 220,000 square feet. It opened its largest store in Minnesota and is expanding from 30 to 40 stores in this region. This is larger than an average Home Depot store, which has 102,000 square feet of space. The company has also built two new distribution centers (Howell, 2004). Expansion and remodeling initiatives would improve the company’s competitive position in the home improvement market. Another opportunity for Menards is their testing of an online store for three special order categories: kitchen and bath; lighting and fans; and window treatments. According to CNN Money, online retail spending is up 4.7% from last year. Furthermore, in 2010 71% of online users are likely to shop over the internet as compared to 65% in 2005. Total retail sales will be largely influenced by the internet. The company’s online store would boost revenue growth. (Ellis, 2010) Menards main threat is their intense competition. The US home improvement industry is aShow MoreRelatedEssay on Lowes and Information Technology Management1748 Words   |  7 Pagespaper is to evaluate the information technology management systems used at Lowe’s. It will look at Porter’s Five Force Model, supply chain management; data base management system, five agent-based technologies, e-commerce and system development lifecycle. Furthermore, it will look at business continuity planning, emerging trends and security vulnerabilities relates to the organization to remain competitive. 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The Role of Husbandry in The Health and Well

The Role of Husbandry in The Health and Well-being of Exotic Animals in Captivity According to the Association of Zoos and Aquariums, animal husbandry is defined as the physiological, biological, psychological and social needs of animals.1 Every zoo that is AZA accredited needs to fulfill these needs correctly for the species and on a regular basis. In the UK, the ‘five freedoms’ are used to determine proper animal husbandry: freedom from injury and disease; freedom from hunger, thirst, and malnutrition; freedom from thermal or physical distress; freedom to express ‘normal’ behaviors; and freedom from fear.4 Other freedoms have been proposed – freedom from boredom and freedom of animal to exert control over it’s quality of life, to name a few – but the five have remained as structure to determine proper animal husbandry.4 Many different employees are needed to fulfill these needs, from animal keepers to curators to veterinarians. Each aspect of animal husbandry, as described by the AZA, will be briefly addressed. We will write a custom essay on The Role of Husbandry in The Health and Well-being of Exotic Animals in Captivity specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Physiological and biological needs are what the animal needs to do in order for its body to function properly. These needs include, but aren’t limited to, breathing, food, water, sleep, excretion and homeostasis. They are the basics for life, and are required for the animal to keep living. In zoo animals, food is a crucial aspect because each animal has a special diet; sometimes, it’s unknown exactly what that diet is because not enough research has been done on that species. Animal keepers notice a problem with the animal by paying attention to the animal’s behavior. Normally, animals that are sick won’t show until there’s advanced disease because if they show they are sick in the wild, they would be easily caught by predators.3 The altered behavior is different for every species, and animal keepers are crucial in noticing the slight differences in their animals.3 Once there’s a behavior change, keepers can notify veterinarians, which will h opefully diagnose and treat the illness (or possible nutritional deficiency) quickly to ensure the animal’s physiological and biological needs are being met. Psychological needs are met when the animal has a healthy well-being. In recent years, research has been done on zoo animals in the area of recognizing cognitive abilities, emotions and feelings.4 Some people think having these views is subjective, sentimental and anthropomorphic, but it has been shown that when psychological needs aren’t met, stress and boredom predominate, which can lead to illness and death.4 When the public sees behavior that they recognize as stress or boredom, the welfare of zoo animals comes into question. To meet these needs, zoos need to understand the psychological needs of each species and individual. As mentioned previously, each species has a specific diet; how this diet is fed may be important for maintaining the psychological needs of a species because of social learning. Naà ¯ve individuals learn specific skills or knowledge from their parents or other group members; this knowledge can be a tradition of a species, and would help us understand how an animal lives in the wild.5 By providing proper psychological needs, scientists can learn more of how an animal behaves and survives in the wild. In addition to feeding, the set-up of the exhibit can provide psychological needs.4 If an animal were normally shy and nocturnal, it would require several hiding places during the day; if an animal lives alone in the wild on rocky terrain, it should have a solitary enclosure that exhibits similar terrain. Recognizing an animal’s individual personality and conforming to adapt to this personality can also meet psychological needs.2 For example, if an animal is normally very curious, giving them new items or toys in their exhibit encourages their well-being. A healthy well-being that includes proper living conditions, recognizing the animal’s personality and preventing boredom or stress is essential to meet the psychological needs of zoo animals. .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0 , .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0 .postImageUrl , .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0 , .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0:hover , .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0:visited , .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0:active { border:0!important; } .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0:active , .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0 .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3a2a2ee8054c1f253d74ee5075bfd6b0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay about ZoologySocial needs are related to psychological needs because some animals normally exist in groups, herd, packs or colonies, and their well-being is determined by the well-being of the entire group.5 Other animals tend to exist singly or in pairs, so by knowing the social hierarchy of an animal, most of the social, and sometimes psychological, needs can be met. As mentioned previously, some animals need other group members to learn specific behaviors; this is also helpful in the zoo setting when training new animals by having them watch the previous residents perform the desired behavior. 5 By watching another group member perform the behavior, the new animal can learn the behavior faster. Animal husbandry is the maintenance of an animal’s physiological, biological, psychological and social needs to promote quality of life. By ensuring animal husbandry, AZA accredited institutions are able to properly promote conservation and education for the public, and learn more about endangered species. Zoos are critical in promoting conservation so that future generations can experience the wonders of animals. Works Cited 1. Association of Zoos and Aquariums . Silver Spring, MD: The Association; c1997-2009 . Health, Husbandry and Welfare . Available from http://www.aza.org/health-husbandry-and-welfare/ 2. Bergmuller R. Animal Personality and Behavioural Syndromes. In: Kappeler P, editor. Animal Behaviour: Evolution and Mechanisms. Germany: Springer, 2010. p. 587-621. 3. Fowler ME. Behavioral Clues for Detection of Illness in Wild Animals: Models in Camelids and Elephants. In: Miller RE, Fowler ME, editors. Fowler’s Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine Current Therapy, volume 6. St Louis: Elsevier; 2008. p. 33-49. 4. Kagan R, Veasey J. Challenges of Zoo Animal Welfare. In: Kleiman DG, Thompson KV, Baer CK, editors. Wild Mammals in Captivity: Principles and Techniques for Zoo Management, 2nd edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010. p. 11-21. 5. van Schaik CP. Social Learning and Culture in Animals. In: Kappeler P, editor. Animal Behaviour: Evolution and Mechanisms. Germany: Springer, 2010. p. 623-53.